The U.S, the E.U., Russia, and regional powers (e.g., Egypt, Turkey and Saudi Arabia) and major international organizations have all tried - without noticeable success - to broker a lasting peace and security in the region. Over the decades, many global and regional players have intervened at some point in the Middle East conflicts as peace brokers. Thus, the role of peace broker is a ‘legitimate way’ to intervene in the domestic politics of other states without departing from its traditional guiding principle, and to promote or to secure its own economic interests and political influence in the region.
China is becoming more deeply and more proactively involved diplomatically, seeking to shape the political and security developments in the Middle East.
The main argument is that China’s mediation role is part of a carefully devised conflict management strategy that suits the country’s non-intervention policy. This article examines whether China's mediation diplomacy in the Middle East is a precursor of change in China’s interpretation and application of the principle of non-intervention. Mediation diplomacy has emerged as one of the central pillars of China’s foreign policy objectives and practice, with Beijing deliberately positioning itself as a peacemaker in the Middle East conflicts and crises in the region (e.g., Afghanistan, Syria, Sudan, Yemen, Iran, and the Israeli-Palestinian peace process). This essay is part of the series “All About China”-a journey into the history and diverse culture of China through essays that shed light on the lasting imprint of China’s past encounters with the Islamic world as well as an exploration of the increasingly vibrant and complex dynamics of contemporary Sino-Middle Eastern relations.
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